Background: Infection of human B cells with Epstein - Barr virus (EBV) induces metabolic activation, morphological transformation, cell proliferation and eventual immortalization. Aim: To identify the nuclear receptors, which are the cellular interaction partners of EBNAs, that will help to elucidate the mechanism of B cell transformation. Methods: We have compared the nuclear receptor profile in the naive and EBV-transformed B-lymphocytes, using TaqMan LDA microfluidic card technology. Results: Out of 48 nuclear receptor, 17 showed differential expression at the mRNA level. The expression of 5 genes was elevated in EBV-transformed cells, whereas 12 genes were down-regulated in lymphoblastoid cells (LCLs). 7 genes were studied at the protein level; 2 genes were up regulated (Nr2F2 and RARA) and 4 genes were down regulated (ERB, NUR77, PPARG, and VDR) in LCLs. Conclusion: The nuclear receptor profiling on EBV infected B cells showed alterations of nuclear receptors expression at both mRNA and protein levels compared with non infected peripheral blood cells. Further analysis on a possible role of each nuclear receptor in EBV induced cell transformation should be performed.

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