We present the results of research of the qualitative and quantitative composition of microbial associations of soils adjacent to the surface of gas pipelines laid in diverse soil-climatic zones and establish the qualitative constancy of the community of microorganisms inducing the corrosive processes. Possible trophic and power intercommunications stabilizing the microbial community are defined. It is established that the intensification of biological and corrosive activity of bacteria of the sulphur cycle occurs in the immediate nearness from the corroded metal. The results of a laboratory model experiment and full-scale observations allow us to suppose the existence of a special zone "ferrosphere", in which the corrosive process develops with maximum intensity, at a metal surface placed in soil.

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