Background and aim - venous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the most common complications in cancer patients. Although factor V Leiden (FVL) is the most common genetic defect causing thrombosis, the impact of gene abnormalities on thrombotic tendency in cancer patients remains poorly explored. Tissue factor (TF) is a major physiologic initiator of blood coagulation. This is the first study regarding the association of TF gene -603A/G and +5466A>>G polymorphisms with VTE in malignancy. The study consists of two groups: cancer patients with VTE were included as Group 1 (n = 46); Group 2 comprises 196 cancer patients without VTE. Restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used for the detection of polymorphisms of TF-603A/G in the 5'upstream region and TF 5466A/G in intron 2. FVL, PT G20210A and MTHFR C677T polymorphisms were determined by using commercially available Light Cycler kits. The genotype and allele frequencies between the groups were compared using <$Echi sup 2> or Fisher exact test, if appropriate. No differences were observed in the distribution of TF gene -603A/G genotype frequencies between the groups. Although a slightly increased incidence of +5466GA genotype was in Group 1 (17,4 % vs 11,2 %), it did not achieve statistical significance. The prevalence of FVL was significantly greater in Group 1 compared with Group 2 (41,3 % vs 4,1 %, p << 0,05). Difference in frequency of 677TT+CT (MTHFR) + 5466GG (77) genotypes combination was found in women of two investigated Groups (p << 0,05). No differences were also in genotypes and allele frequencies of MTHFR C677T and PT G20210A between two Groups (p >> 0,05). Conclusions: the present study did not show significant association of TF gene -603A/G and +5466A>>G polymorphisms with VTE in malignancy, however, further larger studies including different ethnic population are needed to confirm our findings.

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