Purpose. To analyse the experimental results, to describe physical mechanism of blasted rock disintegration and develop methodology to calculate blast-wave parameters within the near-explosion zone, and to study possible role of thermoelastic stresses in rock fragmentation to ultradisperse fractions in the near-explosion zone. Methodology. The experiments involved a method to measure dynamic compressibility of bituminous coals based on the determination of both velocity of blast waves and mass velocity of particles beyond the front. A reflection method is used to construct isentropes of the explosive detonation products and their impact adiabat. Findings. Experimental studies are carried out to analyse compressibility parameters of bituminous coals - blast wave velocity and mass velocity of particles beyond the blast wave front. Impact adiabats for emulsion explosive ЕРА Р-3 and bituminous coals are constructed. A set of theoretical studies is performed. Originality. Methodology to evaluate blast-wave parameters within the zone near the borehole or blasthole charge explosion is proposed. Physical mechanism for rock breaking to ultradisperse particles is proposed. It has been specified that thermoelastic stresses may be one of the possible causes, if not the main one, of the rock breaking within the near-explosion zone. A mechanism stipulated by the transition of microstructure of the rock crystalline components to the instable state is considered as the alternative (or additional) factor. The cause is in the oversaturation of the rock microstructure with the linear and point defects. Exceeded value of critical concentration of those defects results in the excessive reserves of internal energy with the following spontaneous breaking of chemical bonds. Impact adiabats of coking coals of three grades as well as isentrope and impact adiabat of the detonation products of emulsion explosive ЕРА Р-3 are constructed. In terms of the "pressure - mass velocity of particles" coordinates, curves of adiabats of the bituminous coals differ by not more than 4 %. Practical value. Analysis of the scientific results may be the required condition to develop additional safety measures in the sphere of environmental protection during blasting operations in terms of open-pit and underground mining.

 Наукова періодика України 

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